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Bruno 21
2021-07-25 13:17:19 +02:00
parent e02b036875
commit 25789f522b
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# DSM 6
### Dossiers utilisateurs:
```bash
bruno@DS916:~ $ pwd
/var/services/homes/bruno
```
```bash
root@DS916:~# pwd
/root
```
### Se connecter en root:
```bash
bruno@DS916:~ $ sudo -su root
Password:
sh-4.3#
```
```bash
# ok
bruno@DS916:~ $ sudo -i
root@DS916:~#
```
### Taches panifiée:
Exécuter un script par un utilisateur xxx: ici le script cron.php de Nextcloud doit être lancé par http
```bash
sudo -u http /usr/local/bin/php73 -f /volume1/web/nextcloud/cron.php
```
### Services:
#### Afficher la liste des services
```bash
root@DS916:~# synoservicecfg --list
DSM
apparmor
atalk
avahi
bluetoothd
bonjour
btacd
```
#### Gérer les services de DSM
```bash
synoservicecfg --list
synoservice --status
synoservicecfg --stop <service>
synoservicecfg --hard-stop <service>
synoservicecfg --start <service>
synoservicecfg --hard-start <service>
synoservice --restart <service>
synoservicectl --restart <service>
```
#### Redémarrer un service
```bash
/usr/syno/sbin/synoservicecfg -restart syslog-acc
```
### Afficher les logs de connection ssh dans /var/log/message:
- Créer en tant que root le fichier /usr/local/etc/syslog-ng/patterndb.d/sshd.conf comme suit :
```bash
filter f_messages {
level(info..emerg)
and not facility( mail, news, cron)
and not program(syslog-ng)
and not filter(f_local)
and not filter(f_synology);
};
```
- Faire un chmod 644 sur le fichier /usr/local/etc/syslog-ng/patterndb.d/sshd.conf créé.
```bash
DS414> cd /usr/local/etc/syslog-ng/patterndb.d/
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 454 Jul 16 19:15 sshd.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 454 Jul 11 15:15 VideoStation.conf
DS414> chmod 644 sshd.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 454 Jul 16 19:15 sshd.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 454 Jul 11 15:15 VideoStation.conf
```
- Relancer le syslog pour prise en compte du fichier (sinon un reboot du NAS) :
```bash
DS414> synoservicecfg --restart syslog-acc
```
### Installer un paquet .deb
```bash
# echec pour un problème de signature
$ sudo dpkg -i nano_2.7.4-1_i386.deb
Password:
Authenticating nano_2.7.4-1_i386.deb ...
debsig: Origin Signature check failed. This deb might not be signed.
dpkg: error processing nano_2.7.4-1_i386.deb (--install):
verification on package nano_2.7.4-1_i386.deb failed!
Errors were encountered while processing:
nano_2.7.4-1_i386.deb
# option --force-bad-verify
$ sudo dpkg -i --force-bad-verify nano_2.7.4-1_amd64.deb
Authenticating nano_2.7.4-1_amd64.deb ...
debsig: Origin Signature check failed. This deb might not be signed.
dpkg: verification on package nano_2.7.4-1_amd64.deb failed; but installing anyway as you requested
Selecting previously unselected package nano.
(Reading database ... 118 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking nano (from nano_2.7.4-1_amd64.deb) ...
# supprimer le paquet debsig-verify
$ dpkg --purge dpkg-verify
```
### Installer manuellement un paquet .spk
```bash
$ sudo synopkg install <package.spk>
```
### Apache:
#### Configuration:
Les fichiers .conf se trouvent dans `/usr/local/etc/apache22 `ou `/usr/local/etc/apache24`
Editer le Le fichier de conf principal: `nano /usr/local/etc/apache22/conf/httpd22.conf`
Il est conseillé de faire les modifications dans `/usr/local/etc/apache22/sites-enabled`
#### Logs:
Ils sont dans `/var/log/httpd`
```bash
/var/log/httpd $ ls -la
total 540
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 16 03:07 .
drwxr-xr-x 17 root root 4096 Mar 9 01:15 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 176 Oct 9 10:10 access_log
-rw-rw---- 1 system log 146142 Mar 13 09:50 apache22-error_log
-rw-rw---- 1 system log 58824 Nov 16 02:05 apache22-error_log.1.xz
-rw-rw---- 1 system log 25992 Dec 11 2016 apache22-error_log.2.xz
-rw-rw---- 1 system log 2106 Jan 9 2017 apache24-error_log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 363 Oct 9 10:09 error_log
-rw-rw---- 1 system log 283282 Nov 2 2016 user-error_log
```
#### Redémarrer Apache:
`sudo synoservice --restart pkgctl-WebStation`
`sudo synoservice --restart pkgctl-Apache2.2`
service [pkgctl-Apache2.2] restart failed, synoerr=[0x2000]
#### Liste des modules Apache:
```bash
$ httpd22 -M
Loaded Modules:
core_module (static)
mpm_worker_module (static)
...
```
### php7.0
```bash
$ php70 --ini
Configuration File (php.ini) Path: /usr/local/etc/php70
Loaded Configuration File: /usr/local/etc/php70/php.ini
Scan for additional .ini files in: /usr/local/etc/php70/conf.d
Additional .ini files parsed: /usr/local/etc/php70/conf.d/SYNO.SDS.PhotoStation.ini
```
#### open_basedir
`/tmp:/var/services/tmp:/var/services/web:/var/services/homes:/dev/urandom:/volume1/dokuwiki:/volume1/Repositories:/volume1/nextcloud`
#### php.ini
`extension_dir = "/usr/local/lib/php70/modules"`
#### logs
Web Station -> Paramètres PHP-> Paramètres Avancés -> Coeur -> error_log
#### Connaitre les extensions chargées par PHP CLI:
```bash
$ php -m
[PHP Modules]
apcu
bz2
calendar
Core
ctype
curl
date
dom
exif
fileinfo
filter
gd
hash
iconv
json
libxml
mbstring
mysqlnd
openssl
pcntl
pcre
PDO
pdo_mysql
pdo_pgsql
pdo_sqlite
pgsql
readline
Reflection
session
SimpleXML
SPL
sqlite3
standard
tokenizer
xml
xmlreader
xmlwriter
Zend OPcache
zip
zlib
[Zend Modules]
Zend OPcache
```
#### PHP 7.0.13: curl n'est pas activé:
- Ouvrir /volume1/@appstore/PHP7.0/misc/extension_list.json
```bash
root@DS916:/volume1/@appstore/PHP7.0/misc# ls -la
total 24
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 134 Jan 7 09:08 .
drwxrwxrwx 1 root root 46 Jan 5 17:22 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5082 Dec 19 12:20 extension_list.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5082 Jan 7 09:08 extension_list.json.bak
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 147 Dec 19 12:20 logrotate.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 174 Dec 19 12:20 syslog.conf
root@DS916:/volume1/@appstore/PHP7.0/misc# nano extension_list.json
```
- Ajouter
```bash
"curl": {
"enable_default": true,
"desc": "The curl extension allows you to connect and communicate to many different types of servers wih many different types of protocols."
},
```
- Aller dans Web Station → Paramètres PHP → version 7.0
- Cocher, décocher et recocher pour activer l'extension (en appliquant à chaque fois)
[:fa-link: Source](https://forum.synology.com/enu/viewtopic.php?f=20&t=104368&p=464772#p464534)
### Les 3 versions de PHP:
- PHP 5.6 (BusyBox)
/bin/php
- PHP 5.6 (Package PHP 5)
/usr/local/bin/php56
- PHP 7.3 (Package PHP 7)
/usr/local/bin/php73
- PHP 7.4 (Package PHP 7)
/usr/local/bin/php74
Pour Apache, c'est la version choisie dans WebStation qui est active.
<u>En ligne de commande, par défaut, c'est la version Busybox qui est active:</u>
```bash
$ which php
/bin/php
$ /bin/php -v
PHP 7.3.16 (cli) (built: Sep 14 2020 18:32:16) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.3.16, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
$ /bin/php --ini
Configuration File (php.ini) Path: /usr/local/etc/php73/cli
Loaded Configuration File: /usr/local/etc/php73/cli/php.ini
Scan for additional .ini files in: /usr/local/etc/php73/cli/conf.d
Additional .ini files parsed: /usr/local/etc/php73/cli/conf.d/extension.ini,
/usr/local/etc/php73/cli/conf.d/timezone.ini
```
Les 2 autres versions sont néanmoins disponibles:
```bash
$ which php70
/usr/local/bin/php70
$ php70 -v
PHP 7.0.33 (cli) (built: Dec 13 2018 12:30:20) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2017 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.0.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2017 Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v7.0.33, Copyright (c) 1999-2017, by Zend Technologies
$ php70 --ini
Configuration File (php.ini) Path: /usr/local/etc/php70
Loaded Configuration File: /usr/local/etc/php70/php.ini
Scan for additional .ini files in: /usr/local/etc/php70/conf.d
Additional .ini files parsed: /usr/local/etc/php70/conf.d/SYNO.SDS.PhotoStation.ini
$ which php72
/usr/local/bin/php72
$ php72 -v
PHP 7.2.29 (cli) (built: Jun 5 2020 14:21:39) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
$ php72 --ini
Configuration File (php.ini) Path: /usr/local/etc/php72/cli
Loaded Configuration File: /usr/local/etc/php72/cli/php.ini
Scan for additional .ini files in: /usr/local/etc/php72/cli/conf.d
Additional .ini files parsed: /usr/local/etc/php72/cli/conf.d/extension.ini,
/usr/local/etc/php72/cli/conf.d/phpMyAdmin.ini,
/usr/local/etc/php72/cli/conf.d/timezone.ini
$ which php73
/usr/local/bin/php73
$ php73 -v
PHP 7.3.16 (cli) (built: Sep 14 2020 18:32:16) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.3.16, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
$ php73 --ini
Configuration File (php.ini) Path: /usr/local/etc/php73/cli
Loaded Configuration File: /usr/local/etc/php73/cli/php.ini
Scan for additional .ini files in: /usr/local/etc/php73/cli/conf.d
Additional .ini files parsed: /usr/local/etc/php73/cli/conf.d/extension.ini,
/usr/local/etc/php73/cli/conf.d/timezone.ini
$ which php74
/usr/local/bin/php74
$ php74 -v
PHP 7.4.9 (cli) (built: Oct 14 2020 15:15:33) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.4.0, Copyright (c) Zend Technologies
$ php74 --ini
Configuration File (php.ini) Path: /usr/local/etc/php74/cli
Loaded Configuration File: /usr/local/etc/php74/cli/php.ini
Scan for additional .ini files in: /usr/local/etc/php74/cli/conf.d
Additional .ini files parsed: /usr/local/etc/php74/cli/conf.d/extension.ini,
/usr/local/etc/php74/cli/conf.d/timezone.ini
```
Mettre PHP70 par défaut en CLI:
```bash
# On renomme PHP Busybox
$ cd /bin
$ mv php php_5.6.11
$ ls -la
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6600840 Jun 8 10:31 php_5.6.11
# On crée un lien symbolique
$ cd /usr/local/bin
$ ln -s /var/packages/PHP7.0/target/usr/local/bin/php70 php
$ which php
/usr/local/bin/php
$ php --ini
Configuration File (php.ini) Path: /usr/local/etc/php70
Loaded Configuration File: /usr/local/etc/php70/php.ini
Scan for additional .ini files in: /usr/local/etc/php70/conf.d
Additional .ini files parsed: /usr/local/etc/php70/conf.d/SYNO.SDS.PhotoStation.ini
```
### php7.3
Mettre PHP73 par défaut en CLI:
```bash
$ sudo -i
$ cd /usr/bin
$ mv php php56
#cp /volume1/@appstore/PHP7.3/usr/local/bin/php73 php
$ ln -s /volume1/@appstore/PHP7.3/usr/local/bin/php73 php
root@DS916:/bin# php -v
PHP 7.3.16 (cli) (built: Jun 2 2020 11:39:19) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.3.16, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
bruno@DS916:~ $ php -v
PHP 7.3.16 (cli) (built: Jun 2 2020 11:39:19) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.3.16, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 45 Sep 17 10:26 php -> /volume1/@appstore/PHP7.3/usr/local/bin/php73
```
```bash
$ find /volume1/@appstore/PHP7.3 -name *.ini
/volume1/@appstore/PHP7.3/etc/php/conf.d/memcached.ini
/volume1/@appstore/PHP7.3/etc/php/conf.d/redis.ini
/volume1/@appstore/PHP7.3/misc/php-fpm.ini
/volume1/@appstore/PHP7.3/usr/local/etc/php73/cli/php.ini
/volume1/@appstore/PHP7.3/usr/local/etc/php73/cli/conf.d/extension.ini
$ find /volume1/@appstore/PHP7.4 -name *.ini
/volume1/@appstore/PHP7.4/etc/php/conf.d/memcached.ini
/volume1/@appstore/PHP7.4/etc/php/conf.d/redis.ini
/volume1/@appstore/PHP7.4/misc/php-fpm.ini
/volume1/@appstore/PHP7.4/usr/local/etc/php74/cli/php.ini
/volume1/@appstore/PHP7.4/usr/local/etc/php74/cli/conf.d/extension.ini
```
### Composer:
<u>Installation:</u>
```bash
root@DS916:/usr/local/bin# curl -s http://getcomposer.org/installer | php70
All settings correct for using Composer
Downloading...
Composer (version 1.6.3) successfully installed to: /usr/local/bin/composer.phar
Use it: php composer.phar
```
<u>Installation des dépendances de l'application (ici Gitlist):</u>
```bash
bruno@DS916:/volume1/web/gitlist $ php70 /usr/local/bin/composer.phar install
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies (including require-dev)
Package operations: 62 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals
- Installing symfony/process (v3.4.6): Downloading (100%)
```
<u>Pour simplifier l'utilisation:</u>
- Créer un script **composer.sh** dans `/usr/local/bin`
- Ajouter le contenu suivant:
```bash
#!/bin/bash
php70 -d extension=phar.so /usr/local/bin/composer.phar $*
```
- Rendre le script exécutable et le renommer:
```bash
$ chmod +X composer.sh
$ mv composer.sh composer
```
- Utilisation:
```bash
$ composer about
Composer - Package Management for PHP
Composer is a dependency manager tracking local dependencies of your projects and libraries.
See https://getcomposer.org/ for more information.
```
- Mise à jour:
```bash
$ sudo composer self-update
You are already using composer version 1.7.1 (stable channel).
```
### Node.js
Utiliser `--unsafe-perm`
```bash
$ sudo npm install -g thumbsup --unsafe-perm
```
ou
```bash
# Erreur EACCES /opt/tmp
$ curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.37.2/install.sh | bash
$ nvm install --lts=fermium
$ npm config set prefix '~/.npm-packages'
$ npm config set tmp '/tmp'
$ npm -g install npm
$ npm -g install thumbsup
```
### Erreurs:
/bin/nano
nano: error while loading shared libraries: libtinfo.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
```bash
sudo ln -s /lib/libncurses.so.5.9 /lib/libtinfo.so.5
```
#### Developer guide:
https://help.synology.com/developer-guide/index.html
#### iTunes Server:
[MàJ pour Apple Music](https://supfiles.synology.com/fsdownload/cgMMujWfd/iTunes%20Server%201.5.3-2504%20Patch)