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docs/Synology/opkg/oPKG.md
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273
docs/Synology/opkg/oPKG.md
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# opkg (Entware)
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https://github.com/Entware/Entware/wiki
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### Installer oPKG:
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Se connecter en root:
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```bash
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ssh bruno@192.168.1.7
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#puis
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bruno@DS916:~ $ sudo -i
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root@DS916:~#
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```
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Créer un dossier sur le disque:
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```bash
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mkdir -p /volume1/@Entware/opt
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```
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Supprimer le dossier /opt et monter le dossier optware
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```bash
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rm -rf /opt
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mkdir /opt
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mount -o bind "/volume1/@Entware/opt" /opt
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```
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Lancer le script d'installation:
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- for armv7 (DS414)
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```bash
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wget -O - http://bin.entware.net/armv7sf-k3.2/installer/generic.sh | /bin/sh
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```
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- for x64 (DS916)
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```bash
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wget -O - http://bin.entware.net/x64-k3.2/installer/generic.sh | /bin/sh
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```
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Créer une tâche de démarrage:
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DSM -> Panneau de configuration -> Planificateur de tâche -> Créer une tâche déclenchée
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- Tâche: Entware
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- Utilisateur: root
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- Evènement: Démarrage
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- Paramètres de tâche -> Exécuter la commande:
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```bash
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#!/bin/sh
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# Mount/Start Entware
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mkdir -p /opt
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mount -o bind "/volume1/@Entware/opt" /opt
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/opt/etc/init.d/rc.unslung start
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# Add Entware Profile in Global Profile
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if grep -qF '/opt/etc/profile' /etc/profile; then
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echo "Confirmed: Entware Profile in Global Profile"
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else
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echo "Adding: Entware Profile in Global Profile"
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cat >> /etc/profile <<"EOF"
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# Load Entware Profile
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. /opt/etc/profile
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EOF
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fi
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# Update Entware List
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/opt/bin/opkg update
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```
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Redémarrer le NAS
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Ajouter `/opt/bin & /opt/sbin` à la variable $PATH
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### Utiliser oPKG
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Se connecter sous un compte admin:
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```bash
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ssh bruno@192.168.0.8
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```
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##### Mettre à jour la liste des paquets:
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```bash
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bruno@DS916:~ $ sudo opkg update
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Password:
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Downloading http://bin.entware.net/x64-k3.2/Packages.gz
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Updated list of available packages in /opt/var/opkg-lists/entware
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```
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##### Mettre à jour tous les paquets:
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```bash
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bruno@DS916:~ $ sudo opkg upgrade
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```
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##### Installer un paquet:
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```bash
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bruno@DS916:~ $ sudo opkg install ffmpeg
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Password:
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Installing ffmpeg (3.2.10-3) to root...
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Downloading http://bin.entware.net/x64-k3.2/ffmpeg_3.2.10-3_x64-3.2.ipk
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```
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##### Supprimer un paquet:
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```bash
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bruno@DS916:~ $ sudo opkg remove <paquet>
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```
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##### Marquer un paquet:
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```bash
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bruno@DS916:~ $ sudo opkg flag <flag><paquet>
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```
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##### Liste des paquets disponibles:
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```bash
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bruno@DS916:~ $ sudo opkg list [paquet]
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```
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http://bin.entware.net/armv7sf-k3.2/Packages.html
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##### Liste des paquets installés:
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```bash
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bruno@DS916:~ $ sudo opkg list-installed
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alsa-lib - 1.1.5-1
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entware-opt - 227000-3
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entware-release - 1.0-2
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entware-upgrade - 1.0-1
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...
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```
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##### Liste des mises-à-jour de paquets disponibles:
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```bash
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bruno@DS916:~ $ sudo opkg list-upgradable
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```
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##### Liste des fichiers d'un paquet:
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```bash
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bruno@DS916:~ $ sudo opkg files nano
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Package nano (2.9.6-1) is installed on root and has the following files:
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/opt/share/nano/texinfo.nanorc
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/opt/share/nano/po.nanorc
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...
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```
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##### Chercher un paquet:
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```bash
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bruno@DS916:~ $ sudo opkg search <paquet> ???
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```
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##### Afficher les infos sur un paquet:
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```bash
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bruno@DS916:~ $ sudo opkg info vim
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Package: vim
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Version: 8.0.586-2
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Depends: libc, libssp, librt, libpthread, libncurses
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Status: unknown ok not-installed
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Section: utils
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Architecture: x64-3.2
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MD5Sum: 49db8c4294e7edd8236eb2609dfd4527
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Size: 350167
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Filename: vim_8.0.586-2_x64-3.2.ipk
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Description: Vim is an almost compatible version of the UNIX editor Vi.
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(Tiny build)
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```
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##### Status d'un paquet:
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```bash
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bruno@DS916:~ $ sudo opkg status nano
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Package: nano
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Version: 2.9.6-1
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Depends: libc, libssp, librt, libpthread, libncursesw, zlib, file
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Status: install user installed
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Architecture: x64-3.2
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Conffiles:
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/opt/etc/nanorc ff3c86182093564e3313eeaa0eb367cb092c4bd838128bda02a91dd5e3017e63
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Installed-Time: 1536489744
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```
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##### Options:
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-V --verbosity <niveau> mode bavard
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-A tous les paquets (pas seulement ceux installés)
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https://wiki.openwrt.org/doc/techref/opkg
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### Ne plus rentrer de mot-de-passe pour opkg:
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```bash
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bruno@DS916:~ $ cd kymsu/
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-rwx------ 1 bruno users 1078 Sep 11 18:45 kymsu2.sh
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-drwxr-xr-x 1 bruno users 30 Sep 12 16:39 plugins.d
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```
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Créer un fichier de config sudo pour l'utilisateur dans `sudoers.d` (apparemment, pas la peine de décommenter la ligne `#includedir /etc/sudoers.d` dans `sudoers`)
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```bash
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root@DS916:/etc/sudoers.d# ls -la
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total 12
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drwxr-x--- 2 root root 4096 Sep 12 20:08 .
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drwxr-xr-x 48 root root 4096 Sep 10 17:07 ..
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-r--r----- 1 root root 68 Sep 12 20:34 bruno
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root@DS916:/etc/sudoers.d# nano bruno
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```
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```bash
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bruno ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:/var/services/homes/bruno/kymsu/kymsu2.sh
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```
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Permet à l'utilisateur bruno de lancer le script kymsu2.sh avec sudo mais sans mot de passe.
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Pas besoin de redémarrer.
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Au prochain lancement du script par la commande sudo, le mot-de-passe n'est plus demandé:
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```bash
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bruno@DS916:~/kymsu $ sudo ./kymsu2.sh
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📦 oPKG
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Downloading http://bin.entware.net/x64-k3.2/Packages.gz
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Updated list of available packages in /opt/var/opkg-lists/entware
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No availables updates.
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```
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Pour cette commande (passage à root), le mot-de-pass est bien demandé pour la commande sudo:
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```bash
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bruno@DS916:~/kymsu $ sudo -i
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Password:
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```
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Exécuter kymsu2.sh à distance:
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```bash
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bruno@silverbook:~$ ssh dsm916 ./kymsu/kymsu2.sh
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```
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