490 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
490 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
# snap
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### Installation:
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##### Installer snap sur Solus:
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installé par défaut depuis Solus 3
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sinon
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```bash
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$ sudo eopkg up
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$ sudo eopkg install snapd
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$ sudo reboot
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```
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##### Installer snap sur ubuntu:
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installé par défaut depuis Mint 16.04
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```bash
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$ sudo apt update
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$ sudo apt install snapd
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# logout / restart
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```
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##### Installer snap sur Mint:
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disponible depuis Mint 18.2
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```bash
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$ sudo apt update
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$ sudo apt install snapd
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# logout / restart
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```
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##### Installer snap sur Debian:
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disponible depuis Debian 9
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```bash
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$ sudo apt update
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$ sudo apt install snapd
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# logout / restart
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```
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##### Tester l'installation:
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```bash
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$ sudo snap install hello-world
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hello-world 6.3 from Canonical✓ installed
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$ hello-world
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Hello World!
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```
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##### Installer le Snap Store:
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```bash
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$ sudo snap install snap-store
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```
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### Utilisation:
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##### Version courante de snap:
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```bash
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$ snap version
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snap 2.39.3
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snapd 2.39.3
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series 16
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solus 4.1
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kernel 5.5.6-149.current
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```
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Rechercher une appli:
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```bash
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$ snap find "media player"
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Name Version Publisher Notes Summary
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vlc 3.0.8 videolan✓ - The ultimate media player
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foobar2000 1.5.2 mmtrt - foobar2000 is an advanced freeware audio player.
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tizonia 0.18.0 tizonia - Cloud music from the Linux terminal
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minidlna-escoand 1.2.1snap1 escoand - server software with the aim of being fully compliant with DLNA/UPnP clients.
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audio-recorder 3.0.5+rev1432+pkg-7b07 brlin - A free audio-recorder for Linux (EXTREMELY BUGGY)
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mpv 0.26.0 casept - a free, open source, and cross-platform media player.
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```
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##### Info sur un snap:
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```bash
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$ snap info chromium
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name: chromium
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summary: Chromium web browser, open-source version of Chrome
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publisher: Canonical✓
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contact: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/chromium-browser/+bugs?field.tag=snap
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license: unset
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description: |
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An open-source browser project that aims to build a safer, faster, and more stable way for all
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Internet users to experience the web.
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commands:
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- chromium.chromedriver
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- chromium
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snap-id: XKEcBqPM06H1Z7zGOdG5fbICuf8NWK5R
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tracking: stable
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refresh-date: today at 10:16 CET
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channels:
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stable: 80.0.3987.132 2020-03-05 (1043) 160MB -
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candidate: 80.0.3987.132 2020-03-04 (1043) 160MB -
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beta: 81.0.4044.43 2020-03-05 (1045) 161MB -
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edge: 81.0.4044.17 2020-02-14 (1028) 161MB -
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installed: 80.0.3987.132 (1043) 160MB -
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```
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```bash
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# plus d'info sur le snap
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$ snap info chromium --color=always --verbose
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```
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Installer un snap:
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```bash
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$ snap install chromium
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chromium 80.0.3987.132 from Canonical✓ installed
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```
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```bash
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$ sudo snap install --channel=edge chromium
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$ sudo snap switch --channel=stable chromium
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```
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##### Lancer un snap:
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Les snap sont installés dans `/snap/bin`. Ajouter `/snap/bin` au $PATH si nécessaire.
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Certaines distributions utilisent `/var/lib/snapd/snap/bin`
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```bash
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$ which chromium
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/snap/bin/chromium
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```
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##### Liste des snaps installés:
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```bash
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$ snap list
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Name Version Rev Tracking Publisher Notes
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chromium 80.0.3987.132 1043 stable canonical✓ -
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core 16-2.43.3 8689 stable canonical✓ core
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core18 20200124 1668 stable canonical✓ base
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gnome-3-28-1804 3.28.0-16-g27c9498.27c9498 116 stable canonical✓ -
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gtk-common-themes 0.1-28-g1503258 1440 stable canonical✓ -
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odio 1.4.0 5 stable meniedri1 -
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snap-store 20191114.a9948d5 209 stable canonical✓ -
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snapd 2.43.3 6434 stable canonical✓ snapd
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```
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```bash
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$ snap list --all
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Name Version Rev Tracking Publisher Notes
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chromium 80.0.3987.132 1043 stable canonical✓ -
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core 16-2.43.3 8689 stable canonical✓ core
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core18 20200124 1668 stable canonical✓ base
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core18 20190709 1066 stable canonical✓ base,disabled
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gnome-3-28-1804 3.28.0-16-g27c9498.27c9498 116 stable canonical✓ -
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gnome-3-28-1804 3.28.0-10-gaa70833.aa70833 67 stable canonical✓ disabled
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gtk-common-themes 0.1-28-g1503258 1440 stable canonical✓ -
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gtk-common-themes 0.1-22-gab0a26b 1313 stable canonical✓ disabled
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odio 1.4.0 5 stable meniedri1 -
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snap-store 20190723.daf5512 180 stable canonical✓ disabled
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snap-store 20191114.a9948d5 209 stable canonical✓ -
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snapd 2.39.2 3646 stable canonical✓ snapd,disabled
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snapd 2.43.3 6434 stable canonical✓ snapd
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```
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##### Mises-à-jour:
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Les snaps sont mis-à-jour automatiquement (dans les 6h après une révision).
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On peut aussi chercher les m-à-j manuellement:
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```bash
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$ sudo snap refresh chromium
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Mot de passe :
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snap "chromium" has no updates available
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$ sudo snap refresh --channel=beta vlc
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```
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Liste des snaps en attente de mise-à-jour:
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```bash
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$ snap refresh --list
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All snaps up to date.
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```
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##### Date de la dernière et de la prochaine m-à-j:
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```bash
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$ snap refresh --time
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timer: 00:00~24:00/4
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last: today at 08:55 CET
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next: today at 14:11 CET
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```
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##### Voir les dernières modifications:
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```bash
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$ snap changes
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error: no changes found
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$ snap changes ID
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```
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Réinstaller la version précédente:
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```bash
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$ snap list --all chromium
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Name Version Rev Tracking Publisher Notes
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chromium 80.0.3987.122 1040 stable canonical✓ disabled
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chromium 80.0.3987.132 1043 stable canonical✓ -
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```
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```bash
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$ snap revert chromium
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chromium reverted to 80.0.3987.122
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# --revision= réinstaller une révision précise
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```
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```bash
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$ snap list --all chromium
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Name Version Rev Tracking Publisher Notes
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chromium 80.0.3987.122 1040 stable canonical✓ -
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chromium 80.0.3987.132 1043 stable canonical✓ disabled
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```
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```bash
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$ snap refresh chromium
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chromium 80.0.3987.132 from Canonical✓ refreshed
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```
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##### Liste de toutes les révisions disponibles:
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```bash
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$ snap list --all chromium
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Name Version Rev Tracking Publisher Notes
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chromium 80.0.3987.122 1040 stable canonical✓ disabled
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chromium 80.0.3987.132 1043 stable canonical✓ -
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```
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##### Activer / désactiver des snaps:
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```bash
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$ snap disable chromium
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chromium disabled
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# Le snap reste disponible pour une réactivation.
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```
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```bash
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$ snap list --all chromium
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Name Version Rev Tracking Publisher Notes
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chromium 80.0.3987.122 1040 stable canonical✓ disabled
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chromium 80.0.3987.132 1043 stable canonical✓ disabled
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```
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```bash
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$ snap enable chromium
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chromium enabled
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```
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##### Supprimer un snap:
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```bash
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$ snap remove chromium
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chromium removed
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```
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Supprimer uniquement 1 révision:
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```bash
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$ snap remove chromium --revision=1040
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```
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##### Voir les logs:
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```bash
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$ snap logs <service>
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# -n= affiche un nombre de lignes(defaut:10)
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# -f affichage au fil de l'eau
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```
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```bash
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$ snap logs chromium
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error: snap "chromium" has no services
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```
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##### Permissions:
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```bash
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$ snap connections chromium
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Interface Plug Slot Notes
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browser-support chromium:browser-sandbox :browser-support -
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camera chromium:camera :camera -
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content[gtk-3-themes] chromium:gtk-3-themes gtk-common-themes:gtk-3-themes -
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content[icon-themes] chromium:icon-themes gtk-common-themes:icon-themes -
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content[sound-themes] chromium:sound-themes gtk-common-themes:sound-themes -
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cups-control chromium:cups-control :cups-control -
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desktop chromium:desktop :desktop -
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gsettings chromium:gsettings :gsettings -
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home chromium:home :home -
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joystick chromium:joystick :joystick -
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mount-observe chromium:mount-observe - -
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mpris - chromium:mpris -
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network chromium:network :network -
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network-bind chromium:network-bind :network-bind -
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network-manager chromium:network-manager - -
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opengl chromium:opengl :opengl -
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password-manager-service chromium:password-manager-service - -
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personal-files chromium:chromium-config :personal-files -
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pulseaudio chromium:pulseaudio :pulseaudio -
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raw-usb chromium:raw-usb - -
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removable-media chromium:removable-media - -
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screen-inhibit-control chromium:screen-inhibit-control :screen-inhibit-control -
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u2f-devices chromium:u2f-devices :u2f-devices -
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unity7 chromium:unity7 :unity7 -
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upower-observe chromium:upower-observe :upower-observe -
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x11 chromium:x11 :x11 -
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```
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Liste des interfaces:
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```bash
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$ snap interface
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Name Summary
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browser-support allows access to various APIs needed by modern web browsers
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camera allows access to all cameras
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content allows sharing code and data with other snaps
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cups-control allows access to the CUPS control socket
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desktop allows access to basic graphical desktop resources
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desktop-legacy allows privileged access to desktop legacy methods
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gsettings allows access to any gsettings item of current user
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home allows access to non-hidden files in the home directory
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joystick allows access to joystick devices
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network allows access to the network
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network-bind allows operating as a network service
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opengl allows access to OpenGL stack
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password-manager-service allows access to common password manager services
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personal-files allows access to personal files or directories
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pulseaudio allows operating as or interacting with the pulseaudio service
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screen-inhibit-control allows inhibiting the screen saver
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snapd-control allows communicating with snapd
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system-observe allows observing all processes and drivers
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u2f-devices allows access to u2f devices
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unity7 allows interacting with Unity 7 services
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upower-observe allows operating as or reading from the UPower service
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wayland allows access to compositors supporting wayland protocol
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x11 allows interacting with or running as an X11 server
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```
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##### Lire les options de configuration pour le snap:
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```bash
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$ snap get chromium
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error: snap "chromium" has no configuration
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```
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##### Se connecter:
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Ce n'est pas nécessaire sauf pour les achats et pour les développeurs.
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```bash
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$ snap login bruno@xxx.info
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Personal information is handled as per our privacy notice at
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https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/dataprivacy/snap-store
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Password of "bruno@xxx.info":
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Login successful
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```
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Afficher qui est connecté:
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```bash
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$ snap whoami
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email: bruno@xxx.info
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```
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Snapshot:
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```bash
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$ snap saved
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Set Snap Age Version Rev Size Notes
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3 chromium 57.7m 80.0.3987.132 1043 34.4MB auto
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```
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### Aide:
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```bash
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$ snap --help
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$ snap help --all
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The snap command lets you install, configure, refresh and remove snaps.
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Snaps are packages that work across many different Linux distributions,
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enabling secure delivery and operation of the latest apps and utilities.
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Usage: snap <command> [<options>...]
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Commands can be classified as follows:
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Basics (basic snap management):
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find Find packages to install
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info Show detailed information about snaps
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install Install snaps on the system
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list List installed snaps
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remove Remove snaps from the system
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...more (slightly more advanced snap management):
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refresh Refresh snaps in the system
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revert Reverts the given snap to the previous state
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switch Switches snap to a different channel
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disable Disable a snap in the system
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enable Enable a snap in the system
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History (manage system change transactions):
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changes List system changes
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tasks List a change's tasks
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abort Abort a pending change
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watch Watch a change in progress
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Daemons (manage services):
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services Query the status of services
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start Start services
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stop Stop services
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restart Restart services
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logs Retrieve logs for services
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Commands (manage aliases):
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alias Set up a manual alias
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aliases List aliases in the system
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unalias Remove a manual alias, or the aliases for an entire snap
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prefer Enable aliases from a snap, disabling any conflicting aliases
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Configuration (system administration and configuration):
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get Print configuration options
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set Change configuration options
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wait Wait for configuration
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Account (authentication to snapd and the snap store):
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login Authenticate to snapd and the store
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logout Log out of snapd and the store
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whoami Show the email the user is logged in with
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Permissions (manage permissions):
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connections List interface connections
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interface Show details of snap interfaces
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connect Connect a plug to a slot
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disconnect Disconnect a plug from a slot
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Snapshots (archives of snap data):
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saved List currently stored snapshots
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save Save a snapshot of the current data
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check-snapshot Check a snapshot
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restore Restore a snapshot
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forget Delete a snapshot
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Other (miscellanea):
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version Show version details
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warnings List warnings
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okay Acknowledge warnings
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ack Add an assertion to the system
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known Show known assertions of the provided type
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Development (developer-oriented features):
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run Run the given snap command
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pack Pack the given directory as a snap
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try Test an unpacked snap in the system
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download Download the given snap
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prepare-image Prepare a device image
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For more information about a command, run 'snap help <command>'.
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```
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https://snapcraft.io/docs |