mkdocs/docs/macos/homebrew/brew.md

# Homebrew



**[:fa-link: https://docs.brew.sh](https://docs.brew.sh)**

[:fa-link: formulae.brew.sh](http://braumeister.org)




### Update Homebrew et les formules:

```bash
$ brew update
```

### Chercher les M-à-J:

```bash
$ brew outdated

# --verbose
```

### Mettre tout à jour:

```bash
$ brew upgrade

# --cleanup		Met à jour et supprime les anciennes versions installées.
```

### Toutes les commandes:

```bash
$ brew commands
==> Built-in commands
--cache                           deps                              list                              search
--caskroom                        desc                              log                               shellenv
--cellar                          developer                         migrate                           tap-info
--env                             docs                              missing                           tap
--prefix                          doctor                            nodenv-sync                       uninstall
--repository                      fetch                             options                           unlink
--version                         formulae                          outdated                          unpin
analytics                         gist-logs                         pin                               untap
autoremove                        help                              postgresql-upgrade-database       update-report
casks                             home                              postinstall                       update-reset
cleanup                           info                              pyenv-sync                        update
commands                          install                           rbenv-sync                        upgrade
completions                       leaves                            readall                           uses
config                            link                              reinstall                         vendor-install

==> Built-in developer commands
audit                      contributions              generate-man-completions   prof                       typecheck
bottle                     create                     install-bundler-gems       release                    unbottled
bump-cask-pr               determine-test-runners     irb                        rubocop                    unpack
bump-formula-pr            dispatch-build-bottle      linkage                    ruby                       update-license-data
bump-revision              edit                       livecheck                  sh                         update-maintainers
bump-unversioned-casks     extract                    pr-automerge               style                      update-python-resources
bump                       formula                    pr-publish                 tap-new                    update-sponsors
cat                        generate-cask-api          pr-pull                    test                       update-test
command                    generate-formula-api       pr-upload                  tests                      vendor-gems

==> External commands
bundle                                                               services

```



##### **brew bundle**

Usage: brew bundle [subcommand]

Bundler pour les dépendances non-Ruby provenant de Homebrew, Homebrew Cask, Mac App Store, Whalebrew et Visual Studio Code.

**brew bundle [install]:**
    Install and upgrade (by default) all dependencies from the Brewfile.

You can specify the Brewfile location using --file or by setting the $HOMEBREW_BUNDLE_FILE environment variable.

You can skip the installation of dependencies by adding space-separated values to one or more of the following environment variables:
$HOMEBREW_BUNDLE_BREW_SKIP, $HOMEBREW_BUNDLE_CASK_SKIP, $HOMEBREW_BUNDLE_MAS_SKIP, $HOMEBREW_BUNDLE_WHALEBREW_SKIP,
$HOMEBREW_BUNDLE_TAP_SKIP.

**brew bundle upgrade:**
    Shorthand for brew bundle install --upgrade.

**brew bundle dump:**
    Write all installed casks/formulae/images/taps into a Brewfile in the current directory or to a custom file specified with the --file option.

**brew bundle cleanup:**
    Uninstall all dependencies not present in the Brewfile.

This workflow is useful for maintainers or testers who regularly install lots of formulae.

Unless --force is passed, this returns a 1 exit code if anything would be removed.

**brew bundle check:**
    Check if all dependencies present in the Brewfile are installed.

This provides a successful exit code if everything is up-to-date, making it useful for scripting.

**brew bundle list:**
    List all dependencies present in the Brewfile.

By default, only Homebrew formula dependencies are listed.

**brew bundle edit:**
    Edit the Brewfile in your editor.

**brew bundle exec command:**
    Run an external command in an isolated build environment based on the Brewfile dependencies.

This sanitized build environment ignores unrequested dependencies, which makes sure that things you didn't specify in your Brewfile won't get picked up by commands like bundle install, npm install, etc. It will also add compiler flags which will help with finding keg-only dependencies like openssl, icu4c, etc.

**brew bundle sh:**
    Run your shell in a brew bundle exec environment.

**brew bundle env:**
    Print the environment variables that would be set in a brew bundle exec
environment.

##### **brew fetch**

Usage: brew fetch [options] formula|cask [...]

Télécharger une bottle (si disponible) ou les paquets sources pour les formules et les binaires pour les casks. Pour les fichiers, imprimer également les sommes de contrôle SHA-256.

##### **brew gist-logs**

Usage: brew gist-logs [options] formula

Transfère les logs d'un échec de construction de la formule vers un nouveau Gist. Présente un message d'erreur si aucun journal n'est trouvé.

##### **brew home**

Usage: brew home, homepage [--formula] [--cask] [formula|cask ...]

Ouvrir la page d'accueil d'une formule ou d'un cask dans un navigateur, ou ouvrir la page d'accueil de Homebrew si aucun argument n'est fourni.

##### **brew info**

Usage: brew info, abv [options] [formula|cask ...]

Affiche de brèves statistiques sur votre installation Homebrew. Si une formule ou un cask est fournie, afficher un résumé des informations la concernant.



### Formules:

#### Mettre à jour une formule:

```bash
$ brew upgrade <formula>

# --cleanup		Met à jour et supprime les anciennes versions installées.
```

#### Installer une formule:

```bash
$ brew install <formula>

$ brew install --verbose --debug <formula>

# --build-from-source		Compile la formule depuis la source même si une bottle est disponible. Les dépendances sont installées depuis les bottles.
```

#### Installer une formule d’ailleurs la branche: 

```bash
$ brew install https://raw.github.com/user/repo/branch/formula.rb
```

#### Reinstaller une formule depuis les sources:

```bash
$ brew reinstall -s <formula>
```

#### Desinstaller une formule:

```bash
$ brew uninstall <formula>

# --force					toutes les versions de la formule seront effacées
# --ignore-dependencies		desinstallera même si des dépendances restent installées
```

#### Desinstaller les anciennes versions d’une formule:

```bash
$ brew cleanup <formula>

# Supprime toutes les anciennes dans la Cellar et dans le Cache.

# --dry-run	(ou -n)	montre ce qui va être supprimer mais n'enlève rien.
# --prune=days	supprime les fichiers du Cache plus vieux que <days> jours.
```

#### Desinstaller toutes les anciennes versions:

```bash
$ brew cleanup

# (-n ou --dry-run)	voir tout ce qui sera désinstaller
```

```bash
$ brew cleanup -s --dry-run
Would remove: /opt/homebrew/Cellar/fontconfig/2.14.2 (88 files, 2.4MB)
Would remove: /opt/homebrew/Cellar/jpeg-xl/0.8.2_1 (43 files, 10.8MB)
Would remove: /opt/homebrew/Cellar/libvmaf/2.3.1 (234 files, 7MB)
Would remove: /opt/homebrew/Cellar/rav1e/0.6.6 (14 files, 140.2MB)
Would remove: /Users/bruno/Library/Caches/Homebrew/Cask/joplin--2.13.11.DMG (189.9MB)
Would remove: /Users/bruno/Library/Caches/Homebrew/Cask/xpipe--1.7.12.pkg (135.4MB)	<=========
Would remove: /Users/bruno/Library/Caches/Homebrew/Cask/grandperspective--3.4.2.dmg (2.3MB) <=
Would remove: /Users/bruno/Library/Caches/Homebrew/api-source/Homebrew/homebrew-cask/e1e3b95848535a463583201248b63a5bca90ecf8/Cask/kdiff3.rb (833B)
Would remove: /Users/bruno/Library/Logs/Homebrew/perl (64B)
Would remove: /Users/bruno/Library/Logs/Homebrew/openssl@3 (64B)
Would remove (empty directory): /opt/homebrew/share/pear/htdocs
Would remove (empty directory): /opt/homebrew/share/pear/cfg
Would remove (empty directory): /opt/homebrew/share/pear/.registry/.channel.pecl.php.net
Would remove (empty directory): /opt/homebrew/share/pear/.registry/.channel.doc.php.net
Would remove (empty directory): /opt/homebrew/lib/php/pecl/20230831
Would remove (empty directory): /opt/homebrew/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.38/darwin-thread-multi-2level
==> This operation would free approximately 488MB of disk space.
```

```bash
$ brew cleanup --dry-run
Would remove: /opt/homebrew/Cellar/fontconfig/2.14.2 (88 files, 2.4MB)
Would remove: /opt/homebrew/Cellar/jpeg-xl/0.8.2_1 (43 files, 10.8MB)
Would remove: /opt/homebrew/Cellar/libvmaf/2.3.1 (234 files, 7MB)
Would remove: /opt/homebrew/Cellar/rav1e/0.6.6 (14 files, 140.2MB)
Would remove: /Users/bruno/Library/Caches/Homebrew/Cask/joplin--2.13.11.DMG (189.9MB)
Would remove: /Users/bruno/Library/Caches/Homebrew/api-source/Homebrew/homebrew-cask/e1e3b95848535a463583201248b63a5bca90ecf8/Cask/kdiff3.rb (833B)
Would remove: /Users/bruno/Library/Logs/Homebrew/perl (64B)
Would remove: /Users/bruno/Library/Logs/Homebrew/openssl@3 (64B)
Would remove (empty directory): /opt/homebrew/share/pear/htdocs
Would remove (empty directory): /opt/homebrew/share/pear/cfg
Would remove (empty directory): /opt/homebrew/share/pear/.registry/.channel.pecl.php.net
Would remove (empty directory): /opt/homebrew/share/pear/.registry/.channel.doc.php.net
Would remove (empty directory): /opt/homebrew/lib/php/pecl/20230831
Would remove (empty directory): /opt/homebrew/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.38/darwin-thread-multi-2level
==> This operation would free approximately 350.3MB of disk space.
```

xpipe et et grandperspective sont 2 applis qui ont été désinstallées.



#### Empecher la m-à-j d’un package:

```bash
$ brew pin <formula>
```
```bash
bruno@SilverBook:/usr/local/Cellar/terminal-notifier/1.8.0$ brew pin terminal-notifier
```

```bash
$ brew pin php

$ brew info php
php: stable 7.4.0 (bottled) [pinned at 7.3.12]
```

Liste des paquets 'pinned':

```bash
$ brew list --pinned
php
```

Essayer de mettre-à-jour un paquet 'pinned':

```bash
$ brew upgrade -n php
Error: Not upgrading 1 pinned package:
php 7.4.0
==> No packages to upgrade
```



#### Re-permettre la m-à-j:

```bash
$ brew unpin <formula>
```

#### Liste des formules installées:

```bash
$ brew list

# --versions	affiche la verion en plus.
# --pinned		affiche les formules pinned
```

#### Afficher des infos sur une formule installée:

```bash
$ brew info <formula>
```
```bash
$ brew info terminal-notifier

terminal-notifier: stable 1.8.0 (bottled), HEAD

Send macOS User Notifications from the command-line

https://github.com/julienXX/terminal-notifier

/usr/local/Cellar/terminal-notifier/1.7.1 (14 files, 2MB)

  Poured from bottle on 2016-10-19 at 07:24:46

/usr/local/Cellar/terminal-notifier/1.8.0 (5 files, 99.8KB) *

  Poured from bottle on 2017-08-12 at 20:20:48

From: https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/blob/master/Formula/terminal-notifier.rb

==> Requirements

Build: xcode ✔

Required: macOS >= 10.8 ✔
```

#### Description d'une formule:

```bash
$ brew desc <formula>
```

```bash
$ brew desc httpd
httpd: Apache HTTP server
```

#### Afficher les options d'une formule:

```bash
$ brew options <formula>
```

```bash
$ brew options php72
 --with-argon2
	Include libargon2 password hashing support
 --with-cgi
	Enable building of the CGI executable (implies --without-fpm)
 --with-debug
	Compile with debugging symbols
	
# --compact		sur une seule ligne
```

#### Chercher une formule (avec description):

```bash
$ brew search --desc <formula>
```

```bash
$ brew search --desc pdf

briss: Crop PDF files

diff-pdf: Visually compare two PDF files
```



#### Installer une ancienne version d'une formule:

Exemple avec pipdeptree, outil por vérifier les dépendances python: passer de v 2.17.0 à v 2.16.2

- Aller sur https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/tree/master/Formula et rechercher la formule de [pipdeptree](https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/blob/master/Formula/p/pipdeptree.rb).

- Cliquer sur [History](https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/commits/master/Formula/p/pipdeptree.rb) (à droite)

- Cliquer sur **pipdeptree: update 2.16.2 bottle.**

- A droite du bloc de code, cliquer sur les **3 points (...)**, puis sur **View file**.

- En haut du bloc de code, cliquer sur **Raw**.

- Copier / coller le contenu dans un fichier **pipdeptree.rb** ou `curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/df08a167320582bc009f8da3342f3af748651dbf/Formula/p/pipdeptree.rb > pipdeptree.rb`

- Supprimer le package existant: `brew remove pipdeptree`

- Installer pipdeptree en spécifiant la formule nouvellemnt créee: `brew install pipdeptree.rb`

- La version 2.16.2 est installée:

  ```bash
  $ pipdeptree -v
  2.16.2
  ```

  

#### Configurer (arguments) une formule:

```bash
$ brew edit <formula>
```

#### Afficher la homepage de Homebrew:

```bash
$ brew home
```

#### Afficher la homepage de la formule:

```bash
$ brew home <formula>
```

#### Log:

```bash
$ brew log <formula>
```

#### « keg-only »

La formule est installée dans Cellar. Elle n’est pas linkée dans /usr/local (elle n'est pas appelable directement, faire /usr/local/my-command_keg-only)

<u>Pour la linker:</u>

```bash
$ brew link
```

#### Changer de version de PHP:

```bash
$ brew unlink php54 && brew link php53
```

#### 

### Dépendances:

#### Voir les dépendances:

```bash
$ brew deps <formula>
```

```bash
$ brew deps httpd
apr
apr-util
boost
c-ares
jansson
jemalloc
libev
libevent
nghttp2
openssl
pcre

# --tree	Présentation comme arbre
```

#### Montrer les formules installées qui ne sont pas des dépendances d'autres formules installées:

```bash
$ brew leaves
```

#### Montrer les dépendances manquantes:

```bash
$ brew missing
$ brew missing <formula>
```

#### Dépendances inverses:

```bash
$ brew uses x264 --installed
ffmpeg
```

```bash
$ brew list -1 | while read cask; do echo -ne "\x1B[1;34m $cask \x1B[0m"; brew uses $cask --installed | awk '{printf(" %s ", $0)}'; echo ""; done
 ack
 aom  ffmpeg
 apr  apr-util  httpd  php  php@7.2
 .../...
 x264  ffmpeg
```



### Outils:

#### Vérifier le système:

```bash
$ brew doctor
```

#### Prune (supprimer les liens symboliques morts):

```bash
$ brew prune

# --dry-run
```

#### Où va tout ce que télécharge Homebrew (cache):

```bash
$ brew --cache

/Users/bruno/Library/Caches/Homebrew
```

```bash
$ cd /Users/bruno/Library/Caches/Homebrew
total 2616544
drwxr-xr-x   92 bruno  staff       2944 17 jan 17:19 .
drwx------+ 194 bruno  staff       6208 18 jan 18:57 ..
drwxr-xr-x   11 bruno  staff        352 18 jan 18:54 Cask
-rw-r--r--    1 bruno  staff     400053 28 oct 08:20 apr-1.6.3.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--    1 bruno  staff     242481  3 nov 02:01 apr-util-1.6.1_1.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--    1 bruno  staff   88679443 19 déc 10:23 boost-1.66.0.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--    1 bruno  staff       3434 16 déc 20:15 brew-pip-0.4.1.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--    1 bruno  staff   12310915 21 nov 13:01 cmake-3.10.0.high_sierra.bottle.tar.gz
```

#### Affiche le chemin de Cellar:

```bash
$ brew --Cellar
/usr/local/Cellar

$ brew --Cellar httpd
/usr/local/Cellar/httpd
```

#### Sauvegarder sa configuration Homebrew:

Liste des packages, taps et casks installés:

```bash
$ brew tap Homebrew/bundle
$ brew bundle dump
```

Ceci crée un fichier <u>Brewfile</u> que l'on peut éditer.

```bash
tap 'homebrew/php'
brew 'homebrew/php/php71', args: ['with-imap']
brew 'shpotify'
cask 'spotify'
```

#### Restaurer sa configuration:

```bash
# Se positionner dans le répertoire contenant le fichier Brewfile

$ brew bundle
```



### Services:

#### Liste des services gérés par brew services:

```bash
bruno@SilverBook:~$ brew services list

Name    Status  User  File
dbus    none
emacs   none
httpd   started bruno ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.httpd.plist
mariadb started bruno ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.mariadb.plist
php     started bruno ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.php.plist
php@7.4 none
redis   started bruno ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.redis.plist
unbound none
```

#### Lancer au démarrage:

```bash
$ brew services start mysql
```

#### Démarrer (pas au boot):

```bash
$ brew services run mysql
```

#### Arrêter le service:

```bash
$ brew services stop mysql
```

#### Redémarrer le service:

```bash
$ brew services restart mysql
```



### Taps (third-party repositories):

[:fa-link: brew tap](https://docs.brew.sh/Taps.html) rajoute des repositories à **brew**

#### Liste les repos tapped:

```bash
$ brew tap
homebrew/bundle
homebrew/cask
homebrew/cask-drivers
homebrew/cask-fonts
homebrew/core
homebrew/services
joedrago/repo
shivammathur/extensions
shivammathur/php
sidneys/homebrew
```

<u>Les  tap sont situés là:</u>

```bash
/opt/homebrew/Library/Taps $ ls
homebrew  joedrago  shivammathur  sidneys
```

#### Ajouter un repo:

```bash
$ brew tap <tapname> 
```

#### Supprimer un repo:

```bash
$ brew untap <tapname>
```

#### Configuration de Homebrew (brew config):

```bash
$ brew config
HOMEBREW_VERSION: 3.6.10
ORIGIN: https://github.com/Homebrew/brew
HEAD: eaf887656ffb8e9e35ccf08081814d4735637564
Last commit: 13 hours ago
Core tap ORIGIN: https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core
Core tap HEAD: 27b9f0718bb03e5ea933b5ceb5cd0cadb2bbd4a0
Core tap last commit: 19 minutes ago
Core tap branch: master
HOMEBREW_PREFIX: /opt/homebrew
HOMEBREW_CASK_OPTS: []
HOMEBREW_EDITOR: nano
HOMEBREW_MAKE_JOBS: 8
Homebrew Ruby: 2.6.8 => /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/bin/ruby
CPU: octa-core 64-bit arm_firestorm_icestorm
Clang: 14.0.0 build 1400
Git: 2.38.1 => /opt/homebrew/bin/git
Curl: 7.79.1 => /usr/bin/curl
macOS: 12.6-arm64
CLT: 14.1.0.0.1.1663981106
Xcode: 14.0.1
Rosetta 2: false
```

#### Afficher les formules qui ont le paquet cité comme dépendance (brew uses):

```bash
$ brew uses autoconf
asdf                 autoconf-archive     automake             crosstool-ng         node-build           php                  php@7.2              php@7.3              pyenv                ruby-build           vice

# afficher uniquement les paquets installés

$ brew uses --installed autoconf
php                                                      php@7.2                                                  php@7.3                                                  pyenv

$ brew info python@3.7
python@3.7: stable 3.7.9 (bottled) [keg-only]
Interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language
https://www.python.org/
Not installed
From: https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/blob/HEAD/Formula/python@3.7.rb
License: Python-2.0
==> Dependencies
Build: pkg-config ✔
Required: gdbm ✔, openssl@1.1 ✔, readline ✔, sqlite ✔, xz ✔
```

#### Voir les dépendances d'un paquet:

```bash
$ brew deps thefuck
gdbm
openssl@1.1
python@3.8
readline
sqlite
xz
```

#### Voir tous les packages installés, ainsi que tous les packages installés qui en dépendent:

```bash
$ brew list -1 | while read cask; do echo -ne "\x1B[1;34m $cask \x1B[0m"; brew uses $cask --installed | awk '{printf(" %s ", $0)}'; echo ""; done
 annie
 antibody
 aom  ffmpeg
 apr  apr-util  httpd  php  php@7.2  php@7.3
 apr-util  httpd  php  php@7.2  php@7.3
 argon2  php  php@7.2  php@7.3
 argyll-cms  displaycal
 aspell  php  php@7.2  php@7.3
 atk  gtk+  gtk+3
 autoconf  php  php@7.2  php@7.3  pyenv
```



### Commandes externes:

#### brew caveats:

Affiche les avertissements pour toutes les formules installées.

```bash
$ brew tap zgracem/caveats
$ brew caveats

==> libtool
In order to prevent conflicts with Apple's own libtool we have prepended a "g"
so, you have instead: glibtool and glibtoolize.
==> lua
You may also want luarocks:
  brew install luarocks
==> mariadb
A "/etc/my.cnf" from another install may interfere with a Homebrew-built
server starting up correctly.

MySQL is configured to only allow connections from localhost by default

To connect:
    mysql -uroot

To have launchd start mariadb now and restart at login:
  brew services start mariadb
Or, if you don't want/need a background service you can just run:
  mysql.server start
==> mono
To use the assemblies from other formulae you need to set:
  export MONO_GAC_PREFIX="/usr/local"
```



### Environnement:

- `HOMEBREW_AUTO_UPDATE_SECS`: If set, Homebrew will only check for autoupdates once per this seconds interval.

  *Default:* `300`.

- `HOMEBREW_GITHUB_API_TOKEN`: A personal access token for the GitHub API, used by Homebrew for features such as `brew search`. You can create one at https://github.com/settings/tokens. If set, GitHub will allow you a greater number of API requests. For more information, see: https://developer.github.com/v3/#rate-limiting

  *Note:* Homebrew doesn’t require permissions for any of the scopes.

- `HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE`: If set, Homebrew will not auto-update before running `brew install`, `brew upgrade` or `brew tap`.

- `HOMEBREW_VERBOSE`: If set, Homebrew always assumes `--verbose` when running commands.

- `HOMEBREW_NO_INSTALL_CLEANUP`: Si n'est pas mis, `brew cleanup` est lancé tous les 30 jours.

  

### coreutils (GNU Tools)

Installer la version GNU des outils lignes de commande (OSX utilise la version BSD):

```bash
$ brew install coreutils
```

Les outils GNU sont préfixés par la lettre **g** (**g**ls, **g**cat, **g**chmod...), permettant d'utiliser également leur pendant BSD (ls, cat, chmod...)

*Les outils GNU sont installés dans /usr/local/bin/*

*Un alias sans le préfixe **g** est crée dans /usr/local/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnubin/* ou */opt/homebrew/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnubin*



```bash
❯ ls /opt/homebrew/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnubin/
'['	    
b2sum, base32, base64, basename, basenc, 
cat, chcon, chgrp, chmod, chown, chroot, cksum, comm, cp, csplit, cut
date, dd, df, dir, dircolors, dirname, du, 
echo, env, expand, expr, 
factor, false, fmt, fold, 
groups
head, hostid, 
id, install, 
join
kill
link, ln, logname ,ls
md5sum, mkdir, mkfifo, mknod, mktemp, mv
nice, nl, nohup, nproc, numfmt,
od
paste, pathchk, pinky, pr, printenv, printf, ptx, pwd, 
readlink, realpath, rm, rmdir, runcon,
seq, sha1sum, sha224sum, sha256sum, sha384sum, sha512sum, shred, shuf, sleep, sort, split, stat, stdbuf, stty, sum, sync
tac, tail, tee, test, timeout, touch, tr, true, truncate, tsort, tty, 
uname, unexpand, uniq, unlink, uptime, users, 
vdir
wc, who, whoami
yes
```

On peut ajouter le dossier /usr/local/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnubin (/opt/homebrew/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnubin) dans le $PATH. Les outils GNU sont alors disponibles sans préfixe, à la place des outils BSD.

De même pour les man (`MANPATH="/usr/local/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnuman:$MANPATH"`)

```bash
# AVEC PATH="/opt/homebrew/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnubin:$PATH"

❯ which ls
/opt/homebrew/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnubin/ls

❯ which gls
/opt/homebrew/bin/gls
(gls -> ../Cellar/coreutils/8.31/bin/gls)

❯ which /bin/ls
/bin/ls

❯ ls --version
ls (GNU coreutils) 9.1

❯ gls --version
ls (GNU coreutils) 9.1


# SANS PATH="/opt/homebrew/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnubin:$PATH"

❯ which ls
/bin/ls

❯ which gls
/opt/homebrew/bin/gls

❯ which /bin/ls
/bin/ls

❯ ls --version
ls: illegal option -- -

❯ gls --version
ls (GNU coreutils) 9.1
```

Utiliser date ou gdate:

```bash
gnudate() {
    if hash gdate 2>/dev/null; then
        gdate "$@"
    else
        date "$@"
    fi
}
```



#### findutils (GNU Tools)

Comprend les versions GNU de *find, locate, xargs* (pas de updatedb dans osx )

```bash
$ brew install findutils

# SANS PATH="/opt/homebrew/opt/findutils/libexec/gnubin:$PATH"

$ which find
/usr/bin/find

$ which gfind
/opt/homebrew/bin/gfind

$ gfind --version
find (GNU findutils) 4.9.0
Packaged by Homebrew
Copyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

Written by Eric B. Decker, James Youngman, and Kevin Dalley.
Features enabled: D_TYPE O_NOFOLLOW(enabled) LEAF_OPTIMISATION FTS(FTS_CWDFD) CBO(level=2)
```

Ajouter `PATH="/opt/homebrew/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnubin:$PATH"` et `PATH="/opt/homebrew/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnuman:$PATH"` au $PATH pour accéder aux commandes sans le préfixe **g**.



<u>Autres paquets GNU:</u>

- gnu-getopt (keg-only)
- gnutls
- grep (ggrep)(`PATH="/usr/local/opt/grep/libexec/gnubin:$PATH"`)
- moreutils (https://joeyh.name/code/moreutils/)
- gnu-sed
- gawk
- gnu-tar
- ...



### Erreurs:

#### 1. `require': cannot load such file -- active_support/core_ext/object/blank (LoadError)

```bash
# Erreur sur chaque commande brew...

% brew doctor
Traceback (most recent call last):
	4: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/brew.rb:23:in `<main>'
	3: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/brew.rb:23:in `require_relative'
	2: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/global.rb:13:in `<top (required)>'
	1: from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `require'
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:54:in `require': cannot load such file -- active_support/core_ext/object/blank (LoadError)


```

<u>Solution:</u> Lancer **brew update-reset** pour réparer:

```bash
% brew update-reset
==> Fetching /usr/local/Homebrew...
remote: Enumerating objects: 38, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (38/38), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (31/31), done.
remote: Total 38 (delta 5), reused 31 (delta 2), pack-reused 0
Unpacking objects: 100% (38/38), done.
From https://github.com/Homebrew/brew

 * [new branch]          dependabot/bundler/Library/Homebrew/rubocop-rspec-1.37.0 -> origin/dependabot/bundler/Library/Homebrew/rubocop-rspec-1.37.0

==> Resetting /usr/local/Homebrew...
Branch 'master' set up to track remote branch 'master' from 'origin'.
Reset branch 'master'
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.

==> Fetching /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/getantibody/homebrew-tap...

==> Resetting /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/getantibody/homebrew-tap...
Branch 'master' set up to track remote branch 'master' from 'origin'.
Reset branch 'master'
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
```



#### 2. Some taps are not on the default git origin branch

`brew doctor` dit:

```bash
Warning: Some taps are not on the default git origin branch and may not receive
updates. If this is a surprise to you, check out the default branch with:
  git -C $(brew --repo shivammathur/extensions) checkout master
```

Lancer `git -C $(brew --repo shivammathur/extensions) checkout master`:

```bash
git -C $(brew --repo shivammathur/extensions) checkout master
.github/scripts/edit.sh: needs merge
.github/workflows/tests-all.yml: needs merge
Formula/vips@7.0.rb: needs merge
Formula/vips@7.1.rb: needs merge
Formula/vips@7.2.rb: needs merge
Formula/vips@7.3.rb: needs merge
Formula/vips@7.4.rb: needs merge
Formula/vips@8.0.rb: needs merge
Formula/vips@8.1.rb: needs merge
error: vous devez d'abord résoudre votre index courant
```

<u>Solution:</u>

If you want to keep the changes you made to those formula there is nothing you need to do. `brew doctor` only provides information and if you don't have problems you don't need to change anything.

If you want to discard the changes, the easiest way would be:

```bash
git -C $(brew --repo shivammathur/extensions) add .
git -C $(brew --repo shivammathur/extensions) reset --hard origin/master
git -C $(brew --repo shivammathur/extensions) checkout master
```

La dernière commande dit:

```bash
HEAD's previous position was on 13d8b20 imap@8.1: update 8.1.0 bottle.
Switching to the 'master' branch
Your branch and 'origin / master' have diverged,
and have 1 and 54 different commits each respectively.
  (use "git pull" to merge the remote branch into yours)
```

Pour corriger, lancer:

```bash
git -C $(brew --repo shivammathur/extensions) reset --hard origin/master
```



#### 3. fatal: It seems that there is already a rebase-merge directory

```bash
fatal: It seems that there is already a rebase-merge directory, and
I wonder if you are in the middle of another rebase.  If that is the case, please try
	git rebase (--continue | --abort | --skip)
If that is not the case, please
	rm -fr ".git/rebase-merge"
and run me again.  I am stopping in case you still have something valuable there.
```

Pour corriger, lancer:

```bash
brew update-reset
```



#### 4. error: Unable to create '/opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core/.git/index.lock': File exists.

```bash
error: Unable to create '/opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core/.git/index.lock': File exists.

Another git process seems to be running in this repository, e.g.
an editor opened by 'git commit'. Please make sure all processes
are terminated then try again. If it still fails, a git process
may have crashed in this repository earlier:
remove the file manually to continue.
error: could not detach HEAD
```

Pour corriger, lancer:

```bash
rm /opt/homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core/.git/index.lock
```



### Réinstaller Homebrew

```bash
cd $HOME

brew bundle dump
brew bundle cleanup

# Désinstaller Homebrew
/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/uninstall.sh)"

cd $(brew --prefix)
# Supprimer manuellement les restes

cd $HOME

# Réinstaller Homebrew
/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"

brew bundle install
```



### Cask:

### [:fa-link: Homebrew-Cask](brew-cask.md)